Ibyo wa menya ku baperezida bishe umubarere munini w’Abaturage [Amafoto]

Kuva Isi yaremwa cyangwa se yabaho hari amwe mu mateka yagiye aranga Iyi si n’abayituyeho kugeza n’ubwo nan’ubu ari ibintu bitajya bisibangana mu mitwe y’ikiremwa muntu bitewe n’uburyo ayo mateka aba yarabaye indengakamere ndetse akanafata mu mitima ya benshi.

Ku bijyanye n’ubugome bwaranze isi ahanini bwagiye bukururwa na bamwe mu ba Perezida babaye kuri iyi si dutuye ho aho hari bamwe bagiye bica imbaga y’abantu kuburyo n’umwana uvuka uyu munsi aba azi ibintu byabaye mu myaka amagana n’amagana yahise.bamwe mu ba Perezida babaye inkoramaraso aha ku Isi batazibagirana bakomeje kujya bagarukwaho n’ibinyamakuru bitandukanye n’ubwo usanga ntamubare uzwi neza w’abantu bagiye bapfa bishwe n’aba ba Perezida ariko hagiye habaho gukora ibarura ndetse no kugereranya ari nayo mpamvu twabakoreye icyegeranyo ku ba Perezida baciye agahigo ko kwica abaturage benshi.

5. Hideki Tojo [miliyoni 5 barapfuye]

Hideki TojoUyu yari generale mu gisirikare cy’igihugu cy’Ubuyapani mu gihe cy’ubwami

Uyu yari generale mu gisirikare cy’igihugu cy’Ubuyapani mu gihe cy’ubwami. Akaba yarabaye icyarimwe minisitiri w’intebe na minisiteri w’ingabo. Gusa ibi bikaba bitaramunhyuze kuko nyuma yaje no kuba minisitiri w’umuryango, minisiriri w’ububanyi n’amahanga, minisitiri w’uburezi ndetse aba na minisitiri w’ubucuruzi. Ku ngoma ye akaba yarivuganye abantu bagera kuri 5.000.000

4. Leopold II wo mu Bubiligi [miliyoni2-15 barapfuye]

Leopold II yari Umwami w’Ububiligi wizeraga ubukoroni cyane aho yumvaga gukoroniza ibihugu by’amahanga bikwiriye

Leopold II yari Umwami w’Ububiligi wizeraga ubukoroni cyane aho yumvaga gukoroniza ibihugu by’amahanga bikwiriye ku gihugu cye yabona ari igihangange. Gusa ntibyamuhiriye kuko Ububiligi butari bushishikajwe no gukoroniza ibindi bihugu .Akaba ariyo mpamvu yatumye Leopold II ajya kwishakira ibihugu akoroniza ku giti cye aho yaje gushinga ishyirahamwe yise « the International African Society »abantu bakagirango in umugambi mwiza afite. Nyuma y’umwaka, rya shyirahamnwe rimufasha kugera mu gihugu cya Congo aho yashinze Colonie yitwa“Congo Free State”, abifashijwemo n’ingabo ze. Ku ngoma ye Leopold II akaba yarahitanye abantu bari hagati ya 2.000.000-15.000.000.

3. Adolf Hitler (miliyoni 17 barapfuye)

Hitler yabaye umuyobozi w’ishyaka ry’Abanazi mu Budage

Hitler yabaye umuyobozi w’ishyaka ry’Abanazi mu Budage.Yari umunyagitugu wujuje ibyangombwa akaba yarayoboye iki gihugu cy’Ubudage hagati yo muri 1934-1945 akaba yarageze ku buyobozi abusonzeye cyane ashaka kwigarurira Uburayi bwose. Hitler akaba yarazanye repubulika ya gatatu mu Budage. Hitler warwanye no mu ntambara ya kabiri y’isi, yakoze ubwicanyi bw’abaturage bagera kuri 17.000.000 muri bo hakaba harimo 6.000.000 z’abayahudi na 1.500.000 b’abanyaromaniya. Azwi cyane nk’umuperezida wakoze Genocide y’abayahudi.

2. Jozef Stalin (miliyoni 23 barapfuye)

Jozef Stalin yabaye umunyamabanga wa mbere w’ishyaka ry’aba koministe

Jozef Stalin yabaye umunyamabanga wa mbere w’ishyaka ry’aba koministe hagati ya 1922 – 1953. Nyuma y’urupfu rwa Lenin mu 1924, Stalin yabaye umuyobozi wa Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Abasoviyeti. Ubutegetsi bwe bukaba bwararanzwe n’inzara ikabije mu gihugu yiswe inzara ya Ukraine. Abantu bazahajwe n’intambara za Stalin bakaba babarirwa hagati ya 2.600.000-10.000.000. Mu myaka ya za 1930 akaba yaratangije indi gahunda “Great Terror”, yari igamije kwica abantu bose batavugaga rumwe na we akaba yarabigezeho. Muri rusange Stalin yishe abantu bagera kuri 23.900.000. Ubwicanyi bwahitanye abantu benshi mu gihe cy’intambara.

1.Mao Zedong

Mao Zedong yaharaniye impinduka mu gihugu cy’Ubushinwa

Mao Zedong yaharaniye impinduka mu gihugu cy’Ubushinwa, akaba yarayoboye ishyaka ry’aba koministe anayobora repubulika y’abaturage b’Abashinwa. N’ubwo yakozebyinshi, Mao yagaragaye nk’umuntu witangiye igihugu. Juan Carlos P.E.wanditse iyi nkuru, avuga ko mu gihe cy’amezi agera kuri atandatu yamaze mu bushinwa bitewe n’inyota yari afite yo kumenya amateka y’iki gihugu, mu kiganiro yagiranye n’abaturage yatangajwe no kuba aba baturage bemeza ko Mao yabakoreye ibyiza bafatira ku kigero cya 70% – 80%.

Mu myaka 5 ya mbere y’ubutegetsi bwe hagati ya 1949-53 buvugwa ko yahitanye abantu bari hagati ya 4-6miliyoni akaba yaravugaga ko ari mu rwego rwo gucunga umutekano wa Repubulika y’abaturage b’igihug cy’ubushinwa.Nyuma yaje gutangiza gahunda ebyiri « the Great Leap Forward na Cultural Revolution » zikaba zarabaye imyaku yo mu rwego rwo hejuru ku baturage b’ubushinwa. Mao akaba yari agamije guhindura igihugu cye icya mbere mu gushora ibyuma bita Acier aho buri mu turage yagombaga kureka indi mirimo akajya gukora mu nganda. ibi bikaba byaratumye mu bihugu havuka inzara ikomeye yahitanye abantu bagera kuri mliliyoni 22.

Mu 1964 Mao yaje gushinga ishyirahamwe ry’abakobwa aho bahabwaga amasomo atandukanye ku bijyanye n’amahame ya gikominisite. Nyuma baje guhindurirwa izina bitwa“four cleanups movement” bari bafite inshingano zo kuvugurura ibijyanye na politiki,ubukungu, ibitekerezo bishya ndetse no gukora gahunda y’ibigomba gukorwa mu gihugu. Baje guhabwa amasomo mu bya gisirikare bahinduka Red Guards” aho bagombaga guhana abanyabwenge bose ndetse n’abatavuga rumbwe na Mao bakaba baragombaga kwicwa. Ubwicanyi bakoze bukaba bwarahitanye abantu bari hagati ya 40,000-7miliyoni.

Nyuma Mao yaje guhamagara abanyabwenge n’abari mu ishyaka rya « flowers movement »bagera ku 100 mu rwego rwo kugirango bamugire inama kandi bamwungure ibitekerezo ku buryo babona igihugu cyabo gikwiye kuyoborwa, Gusa nyuma byaje guhinduka maze yivugana ibihumbi 500,000 babaziza ibitekerezo bari bafite avugako ari “dangerous thinkers”cyangwa abantu bafite ibitekerezo bibi bitkubaka igihugu.

Muri rusange Mao Zedong uzwiho kuba umunyagitugu w’ibihe byose w’umugome kurenza abandi yahitanye abaturage bagera kuri miliyoni hagati ya 49-78. ubwicanyi yakoze hagati ya 1946-1976 ubwo yayoboraga igihugu cy’ubushinwa.

Yanditswe na Niyomugabo Albert