Ibikorwa by’ingenzi byaranze itegurwa rya Jenoside ku matariki ya 13 -19 Mutarama 1991-1994

CNLG (Komisiyo y’Igihugu yo Kurwanya Jenoside) ikomeje kubagezaho bimwe mu bikorwa by’ingenzi byaranze itegurwa rya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi. Iki gice kirareba ibyabaye mu cyumweru cya kabiri cy’ukwezi kwa Mutarama mu myaka ya 1991, 1992, 1993 na 1994.

Ishingwa ry’Ikinyamakuru Interahamwe

Muri Mutarama 1992 ni nabwo hashinzwe Ikinyamakuru kitwaga Interahamwe cyari gishamikiye kuri MRND kikayoborwa na Robert Kajuga wari umuyobozi w’Interahamwe ku rwego rw’Igihugu.

Iki kinyamakuru hamwe n’ibyitwaga Kangura, Kamarampaka, La Médaille Nyiramacibiri, Echos des Mille Collines, Umurwanashyaka, RTLM n’ibindi, kiri mu byakwirakwije urwango n’ubukangurambaga bwa Jenoside.

13 Mutarama 1993: Inyandiko zitoteza Perefe wa Butare Dr. Habyarimana Jean Baptiste zatangiye gukwirakwizwa

Dr. Habyarimana Jean Baptiste yagizwe Perefe ku ya 3 Nyakanga 1992. Ni we Perefe wenyine w’Umututsi kuri ba Perefe 11 bayoboraga za Perefegitura, akaba yari mu Ishyaka rya Parti Liberal (PL). Kuva yahabwa kuyobora iyo Perefegitura yaribasiwe ku buryo bukomeye azizwa ko ari Umututsi wahanganaga n’intagondwa za MRND na CDR zakwizaga ingengabitekerezo ya Jenoside mu Mujyi wa Butare.

Muri bo abari ku isonga ni Cpt. Nizeyimana Ildefonse, Alphonse Higaniro wayoboraga uruganda rw’ibibiriti SORWAL, Ndereyehe Charles Ntahontuye wayoboraga ISAR, Dr. Jean Berchmas Nshimyumuremyi wari umuyobozi wungirije wa Kaminuza, Dr. Eugène Rwamucyo n’abandi. Aka gatsiko kafatanyije n’abakozi benshi bananiza Perefe Habyarimana bakoresheje uburyo bwinshi harimo kumwandikira amabaruwa mabi y’urudaca agamije kumutesha agaciro. Imwe muri ayo mabaruwa ni iyanditswe ku wa 13 Mutarama 1993 n’abakozi bakuru 10 bakoreraga mu Mujyi wa Butare na Nyanza, harimo na ba Superefe batatu bayoborwaga na Perefe Habyarimana.

Iyo baruwa bayihaye inyito ivuga ngo: “Ibaruwa-bwega yandikiwe Bwana Habyarimana Yohani Baptista Perefe wa Perefegitura ya Butare.” Icya mbere aba bantu bashinjaga Perefe Habyarimana ngo ni ukuba yaragaragarije abaturage ko bagomba gukorana n’Inkotanyi. Baragira bati: “Wowe ubwawe Bwana Perefe, inama wakoranye n’abaturage ba Komini Nyaruhengeri ubwo wajyaga kubiyereka, usubiza ikibazo wari ubajijwe kerekeranye n’abasore bajya mu Nkotanyi, wivugiye ko abo bantu nta makosa bafite, ko nta n’ugomba kubatangira kuko iyo bayagira Leta y’u Rwanda itari kugirana imishyikirano n’inkotanyi”.

Kuba Perefe Habyarimana yarabwiraga abaturage ko batagomba gukomeza gufata Inkotanyi nk’abanyamahanga, kureka kubita Inyangarwanda, ahubwo bakabaha uburenganzira bwabo nka buri Munyarwanda nta cyaha cyarimo. Buri muyobozi wese yagombye ahubwo kuba yarabigenje atyo. Kuba rero aba bantu baramwibasiye kubera gushyigikira Inkotanyi byari mu mugambi wa Jenoside.

Icya kabiri bashinjaga Perefe ngo ni ivanguramoko rishingiye ngo kuba yarirukanye abakozi b’abahutu. Babyandika batya: “Ukimara kugabirwa Perefegitura ya Butare, Umuhutu wese yahise ahindurirwa akazi kandi agasimburwa n’Umututsi uturutse ahandi atamenyereye akazi, atanafite ubushobozi bungana n’ubw’uwo asimbuye”. Bashoje bamwiyama muri aya magambo: “Tukaba twizera ko, Bwana Perefe, mu minsi iri imbere, dukurikije ubuhanga n’ubushobozi abaturage bagukekagaho, wakwisubiraho cyangwa ukavuga ku mugaragaro ko bikunaniye.”

Iri terabwoba ryakozwe n’abantu bari mu buyobozi bwa Perefegitura bagombaga kuba barafashije Perefe Habyarimana mu kazi ke ka buri munsi, ahubwo bagahitamo kumurwanya no kumushyiraho iterabwoba ni ibintu byari mu mugambi utihishiriye wo gutegura Jenoside. Abanditse iyo baruwa ni aba: Nyilinkwaya Zephanie, superefe kuri Perefegitura, Halindintwali Céléstin, umugenzuzi w’amateme n’imihanda; Mutabaruka Bernard, umugenzuzi wungirije w’amateme n’imihanda; Ndahayo Naphtal, umukuru wa serivisi z’itumanaho muri Butare; Munyamagana Wilson, diregiteri wa CPDFP muri Butare; Uwimana Aloys, umuyobozi w’urubyiruko n’amashyirahamwe muri Butare; Habumugisha Michel, superefe wa superefegitura ya Nyabisindu; Ngiruwonsanga Vincent, burugumesitiri wa Komini Nyabisindu; Simbalikure Assiel, superefe wa superefegitura Busoro, Harelimana Rostal, utarashyizeho umurimo yakoraga.

Ikinyamakuru ISIBO No 83 cyo ku wa 9-16 Mutarama 1993 cya Sixbert Musangamfura, bizwi ko kitavugiraga Abatutsi, cyanditse ko abo bantu bose basinye iyo baruwa bashatse kuyisinyisha abakozi benshi ariko babatera utwatsi. ISIBO kandi yerekana ko abayisinye bari mu ishyaka rya MRND/CDR uretse Nyilinkwaya Zefaniya wari muri PSD kandi na we izina rye aho rigaragariye ku basinye iyo baruwa, ishyaka rya PSD ryamenyesheje ko ryitandukanyije na we.

ISIBO yasobanuye ko icyo abo bantu bahoraga Perefe Habyarimana ari imikorere ye myiza yo kurwanya ruswa, akarengane n’irondabwoko n’akarere byakorwaga n’abo bakozi. Aho guhindura imyumvire n’imikorere, bahisemo kuba ari we baharabika bamugerekaho ibyaha bakora bo ubwabo. Muri make, ISIBO yagaragaje imyitwarire idahwitse ya buri mukozi mu basinye ibaruwa yikoma Perefe Habyarimana. ISIBO yashoje inyandiko yayo igaragaza ko abo bakozi banditse ibyo binyoma nta kindi bari bagamije uretse kuzana amatiku mu karere karangwagamo ubwumvikane, igasaba ko bakurikiranirwa hafi kugira ngo batazanduza abandi bakozi. ISIBO yashoje ishima ishyaka rya PSD kuba ryaritandukanyije na superefe Nyilinkwaya rimubwira ko ibitekerezo bye atari ibya PSD.

14 Mutarama 1993: MRND yemeje ko amashyaka y’intagondwa agomba guhabwa umwanya muri Guverinoma

Mu itangazo ubunyamabanga bukuru bwa MRND bwasohoye ryiswe: “Icyababaje MRND mu mishyikirano ya Arusha”, MRND yanditse ko izarwanya amasezerano y’amahoro igihe cyose intagondwa z’Abahutu zayarwanyaga zidahawe umwanya muri Guverinoma. MRND yabyanditse muri aya magambo: “ Niba rero ayo masezerano agenewe kunga Abanyarwanda, Inkotanyi nizemere CDR. Ko zivuga ko ari we mwanzi, nizemere PECO, PADER na PARERWA kuko zivuga ko ari inshuti z’umwanzi MRND. (…) Abavuye mu byabo Ngulinzira ntabibuka. Ayo masezerano atibuka imbabare z’iwabo muri Butaro amariye iki Abanyarwanda?”.

15 Mutarama 1993, ubunyamabanga bukuru bwa MRND bwasohoye irindi tangazo bwise: “uburiganya mu masezerano ya Arusha”. Muri iryo tangazo, MRND yongeye kwibasira Minisitiri Ngulinzira ivuga ko icyo agamije nta kindi uretse gushyira u Rwanda mu maboko y’Inkotanyi. Ngo azaruhuka ari uko amaze kuziha igihugu cyose: “Yumvise amashyaka atangiye aribwira ati: ibyo nasezeranyije Inkotanyi birancitse kambayeho. We na Nsegiyaremye Minisiteri bazitera imirwi. Ngiyo Minisiteri y’Ubutegetsi bw’Igihugu mu Nkotanyi! Amaze kuyitanga ariruhutsa ati : “Ubwo ntanze igihugu ndangije akazi. Ibyo ntibyari akazi ke: ni uburiganya. (…) Barwanashyaka ubwo buriganya tugomba kubwamagana. Minisitiri Ngulinzira n’Inkotanyi ntibagomba kutuviraho inda imwe. Ngulinzira yagurishije igihugu. Ngulinzira ntiyagiye gushaka amahoro, yagiye gukora amasezerano y’intambara nshya. Arashakira iki kwicisha Abanyarwanda?”.

Icyo Minisitiri Ngulinzira yaziraga, ni uko atavanguraga amoko n’uturere nkuko MRND yabikoraga, ikaba ari yo mpamvu bamucyuriraga kuba yarakomokaga muri Komine Butaro mu Ruhengeri ariko ntiyite ku bahakomoka gusa ahubwo agaharanira ukuri n’inzira y’amahoro. Kuba yaremeraga ko Inkotanyi na bo ari abana b’u Rwanda bagomba guhabwa uburenganzira nk’Abanyarwanda nabyo byari icyaha gikomeye. Minisitiri Ngulinzira yakomeje kwibasirwa cyane no gucibwa intege n’abayobozi ba MRND ku rwego rwo hejuru kugeza no kuri Perezida wa Repuburika, Yuvenali Habyarimana.

15 Mutarama 1993 : MRND nayo yikomye Perefe Dr. Habyarimana Jean Baptiste

Ubuyobozi bwa MRND muri Perefegitura ya Butare bwandikiye Perefe Habyarimana ibaruwa imusebya kandi imubeshyera yakwirakwijwe mu binyamakuru. Impamvu y’iyo baruwa bavuze ko ari: “Impungenge ku mikorere yawe”. Yashyizweho umukono na Dr. Butare Innocent yandika ko abikoze mu izina rya Perezida wa MRND muri iyo Perefegitura, Bwana Rugira Amandin.

Muri iyo baruwa Butare Innocent yikomye perefe Habyarimana amushinja ngo kuba afatirwa ibyemezo n’abayoboke b’ishyaka PL b’i Butare barimo Dr. Munyeshuli Vincent, Niyonizeye Gaetan, Kurawige Yohani Batista na Nkulikiyinka Deo. Nta bwo iyo baruwa igaragaza impamvu nyakuri yatuma Perefe atavugana n’abo bagabo, bikaba byerekana ko abayanditse bari bagamije gusa kubuza Perefe kubonana no kuganira n’abo bahuriye mu ishyaka rimwe rya PL kandi itegeko rigenga amashyaka ritarabibuzaga.

Ikindi kirego kidafite ishingiro Butare Innocent yashinjaga Perefe Habyarimana, ni ikirebana no kwimura abakozi b’abagenzacyaha (IPJ) bo muri Komini zimwe na zimwe zari zegereye umujyi wa Butare nka Shyanda, Mbazi, Huye, Ngoma, Ndora na Gishamvu. Ngo abo ba IPJ bose bari abo mu ishyaka rya PL bikaba bitarumvikanaga ukuntu byashoboka. Ahagaragara ikinyoma ni uko guha akazi ba IPJ no kubimura bitari mu nshingano za Perefe. Abo bantu bari abakozi ba Minisiteri y’Ubutabera bakaba bataragengwaga na Perefe mu birebana n’imihindagurikire y’akazi bari bashinzwe. Perefe yari umukuru wabo nk’umuyobozi wa Perefegitura ariko si we winjiraga mu kumenya aba IPJ bagomba gushyirwa aha n’aha no kuhimurwa.

Iyo baruwa ya Butare Innocent isoza ivuga ko ibyo birego bashinja Perefe byerekana ko agamije kurwanya no gusenya MRND n’abayoboke bayo, akongeraho ko uko yagira kose atazabishobora.

Mu by’ukuri, uyu mwanzuro urerekana ku buryo bweruye ko icyo iyo baruwa igamije kwari ukwerekana ko Perefe adashaka abantu batavuka i Butare kandi akaba arwanya MRND. Icyo bivuze ni ugukangurira abakozi bose bakora i Butare, ariko bavuka mu bindi bice by’u Rwanda, kwishyira hamwe bakarwanya Perefe Habyarimana n’ishyaka rye PL. Butare Innocent kandi arahamagarira ubumwe bwa Hutu Power, bikaba byari bijyanye no gushyigikira poritiki yakorwaga na MRND/CDR yo gukwiza muri Butare abayobozi n’abakozi bo mu nzego zo hejuru bakomoka muri MRND/CDR biganjemo abo mu Ruhengeri na Gisenyi. Ibi ni nabyo Ikinyamakuru ISIBO cyavuzwe haruguru cyasobanuye.

15 Mutarama 1993: MDR yagaragaje ko Col. Bagosora ayoboye ibikorwa by’ubwicanyi

Itangazo rya MDR ryo ku wa 15 Mutarama 1993 rivuga ko Col. Bagosora ari we wari ku isonga ry’ibyo bikorwa by’urugomo n’ubwicanyi bwakorwaga n’Interahamwe. Ribivuga muri aya magambo: “Abanyakigali na bo babonye ko muri iyi minsi hadutse amabandi adasanzwe. Mu by’ukuri ni Interahamwe n’aba CDR ba Koloneli Bagosora na Koloneli Nsengiyumva tutibagiwe na Koloneli Sagatwa na Maj. Nkundiye utegeka umutwe w’Abasirikare (GP) barinda Perezida.

Amaze kubona ko ingabo z’igihugu cyane cyane abakuru ba Jandarumori bakomeye ku ntego yabo yo kubahiriza umutekano, Koloneli Bagosora yatangiye uburiganya bwo gushaka uburyo abakuru ba Jandarumori muri Kigali bahindagurwa, abandi bakicwa, ngo kugira ngo hashyirwe mu myanya abo bahuje umugambi w’abanyakazu. (…) Mu by’ukuri ibikorwa muri iki gihe by’akaduruvayo n’urugomo ni umugambi muremure wateguwe na Koloneli Bagosora na ka gatsiko bafatanyije kayobowe na Jenerali Perezida Habyarimana, bagamije gukurura intambara mu gihugu hagati, kuburizamo amasezerano y’amahoro, guhirika Guverinoma iriho no koreka u Rwanda mu ntambara y’urudaca ishingiye ku moko no ku mashyaka.

Koloneli Bagosora arateganya ko uwo mugambi uzasohozwa n’ikinamico rya Kudeta (coup d’Etat), Ikinani n’umuryango wacyo n’umutungo wacyo bagahungira mu mahanga, Bagosora na bagenzi be bakirara mu bo bita Ibyitso n’abagambanyi (ni ukuvuga amashyaka atavuga rumwe na MRND) bakabatsembatsemba, bagahagarika inzira ya Demokarasi. Bateganyije kandi no gutikiza ba Ofisiye batari abo mu kazu, ibyo byarangira Bagosora akicara ku ntebe y’ubutegetsi agatengamara, Maj. Nkundiye amuri hafi. Uwo mugambi ngo ugomba kuba wasojwe mbere y’ukwezi kwa kane k’uyu mwaka. Nyamara birumvikana ko umugambi nk’uyu nta kintu ushobora kumarira u Rwanda uretse kuruhindura nka Somaliya kuko ibibazo rufite bidashobora gukemurwa na kudeta, dore ko ngo baba baratangiye no kwinjiza intwaro rwihishwa zo kubibafashamo.”

19 Mutarama 1993: Iyicwa ry’Abatutsi henshi mu gihugu

Ku itariki 10 Mutarama 1993, Arusha muri Tanzaniya haberaga imishyikirano y’amahoro hagati ya FPR-Inkotanyi na Guverinoma y’u Rwanda hashyizwe umukono ku gice cy’amasezerano cyagenaga uburyo bwo kugabana ubutegetsi. Ishyaka rya MRND ryahise ritegeka abayoboke baryo gukora imyigaragambyo yo kwamagana ibyemeranyijweho muri ayo masezerano, bikaba bigaragaza ko MRND itemeraga na buke amasezerano agamije kugarura amahoro mu Rwanda, igahitamo ubwicanyi nk’umuti w’ibibazo bya poritiki. Imyigaragambyo yabaye myinshi mu migi minini kandi ikorerwamo urugomo rukomeye ku Batutsi n’Abahutu bo mu mashyaka ataravugaga rumwe na MRND.

Imyigaragambyo yakurikiwe n’ibikorwa byo kwica Abatutsi ahantu hatandukanye cyane cyane mu Ruhengeri, Gisenyi, Byumba muri Komini Tumba, Kibuye muri Komini Rutsiro no muri Kigali Ngali i Bumbogo na Buliza. Ubu buryo bwo kwica Abatutsi ahantu hatandukanye mu gihugu bwakoreshejwe kenshi na Leta ya Habyarimana kikaba nacyo ari ikimenyetso ndakuka kerekana uburyo Jenoside yateguwe ikanashyirwa mu bikorwa. Ibi bikorwa by’urugomo no gutegura Jenoside byamaganywe icyo gihe n’Imiryango nyarwanda y’uburenganzira bwa muntu irimo PRO-FEMMES Twese Hamwe, CLADHO na CCOAIB.

16 Mutarama 1994: Mitingi y’amashyaka ya Hutu power mu Mujyi wa Kigali yasabye kwirinda Abatutsi n’Ababiligi hanatangirwa intwaro zo kwica Abatutsi

Ku wa 16 Mutarama 1994, habaye mitingi yahuje abantu benshi bavuye mu Mujyi wa Kigali no mu nkengero zawo bo mu mashyaka ahuriye kuri Hutu power ibera kuri Stade régional i Nyamirambo. Muri iyo mitingi, Justin Mugenzi wari ukuriye igice cya Hutu power mu Ishyaka rya P.L yafashe ijambo risaba kwirinda Abatutsi n’abasirikare b’Ababiligi bo muri MINUAR. Muri iyo Mitingi kandi hatangiwe intwaro nyinshi zahawe aba Power bose bo mu mashyaka ya MRND, CDR, MDR, PSD, PDC na PL.

Iryo tangwa ry’intwaro ryari ryanemejwe ku itariki 15 Mutarama 1994 n’Ambasaderi w’u Bubiligi wanditse ibarwa igenewe Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’Amahanga w’u Bubiligi imenyesha ko intwaro zikomeje guhabwa Interahamwe, asaba ko MINUAR yagombye kwemererwa kuzifatira. Ibi ni nabyo Gen. Dallaire wari ukuriye ingabo za MINUAR mu Rwanda yari yarandikiye Inama y’Umuryango w’Abibumbye Ishinzwe Amahoro ku Isi ku itariki 11 Mutarama 1994 asaba uburenganzira bwo kuzifata, ariko Koffi Annan wayoboraga serivise zishinzwe MINUAR mu Rwanda yanga gutanga ubwo burenganzira.

Umwanzuro

Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi yarateguwe. Tuzakomeza kubagezaho ibimenyetso by’ingenzi byibutsa aya mateka mabi u Rwanda rwashowemo n’ubutegetsi bubi. Dukomeze kuzirikana dushyira hamwe mu kubaka u Rwanda, turwanya ingengabitekerezo ya Jenoside.

Dr. BIZIMANA Jean Damascene

Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa wa CNLG