Impande zari zimaze imyaka myinshi zirebana ay’ingwe zasezeranye guhagarika intambara

Impande zari zimaze imyaka myinshi zirebana ay’ingwe muri Sudan y’Epfo zasezeranye guhagarika intambara. Ni nyuma y’imirwano yahitanye ababarirwa mu bihumbi 400 igakura mu byabo amamiliyoni y’abantu mu myaka 6.

Kuwa Gatandatu tariki 22 Gashyantare 2020, Perezida Salva Kiir yarahije uwo bari bahanganye Riek Machar ku mwanya wa Visi-Perezida wa mbere, mu gihe hari hategerejwe ishyirwaho rya Guverinoma y’ubumwe ihuriweho kuva muri Nzeri 2018.

Harahijwe kandi abandi ba visi-perezida babiri barimo babiri basanzwe bari muri Guverinoma n’umwe wo mu batavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi, hakaba hategerejwe irahizwa ry’undi na we wo mu batavuga rumwe na Salva Kiir mu minsi iri imbere.

Guverinoma y’Ubumwe itegerejweho kuyobora igihugu kugeza ku matora azaba mu myaka itatu iri imbere. Perezida Salva Kiir i Juba akaba yasabye abaturage kubabarirana nk’uko we na Riek Machar bababariranye.

Aya ni amwe mu masezerano mashya asinywe kuva mu mwaka wa 2013 ubwo ingabo zishyigikiye Salva Kiir zatanye mu mitwe n’izishyigikiye Riek Machar, mu gihe hari hashize imyaka ibiri gusa igihugu kibonye ubwigenge.

Amasezerano ya mbere y’amahoro yasinywe mu mwaka wa 2015 ariko agonga urukuta kuko yakurikiwe n’imirwano yatumye Riek Machar ahunga igihugu agenda n’amaguru.

Umwaka ushize waranzwe no gukozanyaho hagati y’ingabo z’impande zombi, amasezerano yo guhagarika intambara ahonyorwa ubugira kabiri, kubera ibibazo bitari bitarabonerwa umuti birimo iby’umutekano n’umubare w’amaleta.

Kuwa Gatandatu, abaturage bakiriye ishyirwaho rya Guverinoma nshya mu buryo butandukanye. “Igihugu cyashegeshwe n’irondabwoko, kuba bahurije ingufu hamwe ni intambwe igana imbere.” Uku ni ko umuturage wo mu Murwa Mukuru Juba John Garang, yabwiye Al Jazeera dukesha iyi nkuru.

Ayuel Chan, umunyamakuru wo muri iki gihugu we ntashira amakenga ibyabaye. Ati, “Hazabaho impinduka nto keretse nigira ikintu gikomeye kiba”, ibi akaba yabishingiye ku kuba hari abayobozi bamaze igihe muri Leta badafite ibigwi bongeye gutorwa.

Kutubahirizwa kw’amasezerano yabanje, gushyirwa ahanini ku bibazo byo kutumvikana ku cyerekezo cy’umutekano w’igihugu, aho ingabo ibihumbi 41.500 z’impande zombi zitaravangwa ngo zikore igisirikari kimwe.

Umuvugizi wa Leta Ateny Wek Ateny, yavuze ko Perezida Salva Kiir agomba guha Riek Machar ibijyanye n’umutekano we ndetse n’uw’abayobozi bo ku ruhande rwe ugasigasirwa.

Umuvugizi w’abatavuga rumwe na Leta, Mabior Garang de Mabior, avuga ko bakeneye ibyemezo byanditse bigaragaza ko Leta izacunga umutekano w’abayobozi bavuye mu ruhande rutavuga rumwe na yo.

Ku kibazo cy’amaleta, mu cyumweru gishize Perezida Salva Kiir yavuze ko amaleta agomba kuba make, akava kuri 32 yagenwe muri 2015 akaba 10, ariko abasesenguzi bakabinenga bavuga ko byaganisha igihugu mu ivangura rishingiye ku bwoko.

Muri iryo tangazo kandi, Perezida Salva Kiir yavuze ko hagomba gushyirwaho ibice bitatu bigize igihugu (three administrative areas), ariko Machar avuga ko atazabyemera.

Nubwo ibibazo bihari byarangira, imyaka y’intambara yashyize Sudan y’Epfo mu ruhuri rw’ibizazane birimo ruswa, guhonyorwa kw’uburenganzira bw’ikiremwa muntu kwakozwe nta nkomyi (impunity).

Raporo y’Ishami rya Loni ryita ku mpunzi (UNHCR) kuri Sudan y’Epfo yavuze ko abaturage muri kiriya gihugu bicishwa inzara, bakanekwa bakanacecekeshwa, abandi bagatabwa muri yombi bazira amaherere, bagafungwa, kandi bakimwa ubutabera, byose ngo bigakorwa mu buryo bugambiriwe.

Iyo raporo yagaragaje kandi ko abayobozi muri Leta basahuye umutungo wa rubanda, aho amamiliyoni y’amadolari yakuwe mu kigo cy’igihugu cy’imisoro n’amahoro agakoreshwa mu nyungu z’abantu ku giti cyabo aho gukoreshwa mu gukura abaturage mu bibazo bamazemo imyaka myinshi.

MUHABURA.RW