Ethiopia: Urugendo rwa Minisitiri w’Intebe Abiy Ahmed wamenyekanye kw’isi kuva ahabwa igihembo cyitiriwe Nobel kugera ubwo barimo ku mugera amajanja

Hari muri Nyakanga 2018, nyuma y’amezi atatu gusa Abiy Ahmed agizwe umuyobozi w’igihugu cya kabiri gituwe cyane muri Afurika, kandi yabaye ikirangirire haba mu gihugu ndetse no mu mahanga. Ibyishimo byariyongereye cyane mu madini hafi y’umunyapolitiki ukiri muto, wasezeranije kuzana amahoro, iterambere n’ubwiyunge mu nguni y’Afurika mu gihugu kiri mu bihe by’ibibazo.

Ariko no muri iyo minsi yo hambere, minisitiri w’intebe, Abiy ubwo yatangizaga ivugurura rikomeye ryo kurekura imfungwa za politiki ibihumbi n’ibihumbi, no gukuraho imbogamizi z’abanyamakuru, no guha ikaze abajyanywe bunyago no kubuza amashyaka atavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi, gushyiraho abagore mu myanya y’abaminisitiri, gufungura ubukungu bw’igihugu bugenzurwa cyane n’ishoramari rishya no kuzahura umubano n’igihugu cy’abaturanyi cya Eritereya , Berhane Kidanemariam yari afite gushidikanya.

Umudipolomate wa Etiyopiya yamenyanye na minisitiri w’intebe mu gihe cy’imyaka igera kuri 20, bagirana ubucuti ubwo yakoraga mu itsinda ry’itumanaho ry’ishyirahamwe nyuma aza kuba umuyobozi mukuru w’imiryango ibiri y’ibitangazamakuru bya leta, mu gihe Abiy yari mu nzego z’ubutasi za gisirikare ndetse akayobora ibirebana n ‘umutekano wa interineti muri Etiyopiya.

ikigo, INSA. Mbere yo gukorera muri Minisiteri y’ububanyi n’amahanga ya Etiyopiya, Kidanemariam yayoboye radiyo y’igihugu, EBC, mu gihe Abiy yari mu nama y’ubuyobozi.

Mu kiganiro aherutse kugira kuri terefone Kidanemariam yavuze ko kimwe nabandi banya Etiyopiya benshi, yizeye ko Abiy ashobora guhindura politiki y’igihugu kandi akazana impinduka nyayo ya demokarasi.

Minisitiri w’intebe Abiy Ahmed yerekeje kuri diaspora ya Etiyopiya yateraniye mu birori byabereye i Washington, DC, muri Nyakanga 2018.

Mu mwaka wa 2018, Kidanemariam yari umuyobozi mukuru wa Etiyopiya i Los Angeles avuga ko yafashije gutegura uruzinduko rwa Abiy.

Igihe Kidanemariam ukomoka mu karere ka Tigray gaherereye mu majyaruguru ya Etiyopiya, yegeraga kuri podium kugira ngo amenyeshe imbaga y’incuti ye na mugenzi we kuva kera, yavuze ko yakiriwe neza n’abari bateraniye aho yahise amubwira ati: “Sohoka kuri podium Tigrayan nandi ma gambo asebanya. Mugihe Yari yiteze ko Abiy wamamazaga ibitekerezo bya politiki yo kwishyira hamwe, kugira ngo ayobore imbaga, ariko ntacyo yavuze.

Nyuma Kidanemariam abajijwe impamvu, Abiy yamukuye kuri podium yavuze ko yamubwiye ko “Nta kintu cyo gukosora.”

Muri werurwe Kidanemariam yanditse ibaruwa ifunguye atangaza ko avuye ku mirimo ye nk’umuyobozi wungirije muri ambasade ya Etiyopiya i Washington, DC, mu rwego rwo kwamagana intambara ya Abiy yaramaze amezi ateje muri Tigray, byakurikiwe nibibazo byinshi bitandukanye birimo ‘impunzi, n’inzara .

Kidanemariam yabwiye CNN ko yemera ko intego ya Abiy itigeze iba “ivugurura cyangwa demokarasi cyangwa uburenganzira bwa muntu cyangwa ubwisanzure bw’itangazamakuru. Turashobora kubyita igitugu, ariko rwose arimo kuba umwami. “

Yongeyeho ati: “Nukuvugako, ikibazo ari icy’Abanyetiyopiya bose. Abantu bose barababara ahantu hose.“

Mu ibaruwa yandikiwe CNN, umuvugizi wa Abiy, Billene Seyoum, yavuze ko ibyo Kidanemariam yanenze minisitiri w’intebe “bidafite ishingiro” kandi ko ari “ibitekerezo bye.”

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‘Ikigereranyo c’ikuzimu’

Hahindutse byinshi kuva Abiy yemeye igihembo cy’amahoro cyitiriwe Nobel mu Gushyingo 2019, abwira abari bateraniye i Oslo, muri Noruveje, ko “Intambara ari cyo kimenyetso cy’umuriro.”

Mu gihe kitarenze imyaka ibiri, Abiy yavuye mu gukundwa n’umuryango mpuzamahanga yerekeza kuri pariah, yamaganwa ku ruhare yagize mu kuyobora intambara y’abenegihugu yamaze igihe kirekire, kubera ko inkuru nyinshi zifite ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko jenoside kandi ifite ubushobozi bwo guhungabanya ihembe ry’Agace ka Afrika.

Bi Abiy ahabwa igihembo cy’amahoro cyitiriwe Nobel mu muhango wabereye Oslo, Noruveje, mu Kuboza 2019.

byateye urujijo indorerezi nyinshi, bibaza uburyo bashoboraga kumwibeshyaho. Ariko abadipolomate, abasesenguzi, abanyamakuru bigenga bo muri Etiyopiya, baziranye ndetse n’abandi bakurikiranye umwuga we bavuga ko no mu burebure bwa “Abiymania,” hari ibimenyetso byo kumuburira.

Abasenateri bavuga ko mu guha umugisha Abiy ibintu byinshi byemejwe n’amahanga, cyane cyane ayo mu burengerazuba ntibananiwe kubona -cyangwa kwirengagiza nkana ibyo bimenyetso, ahubwo bwamuhaye cheque yuzuye hanyuma bamuhuma amaso.

Tsedale Lemma, washinze akaba n’umwanditsi mukuru wa Addis Standard, ikinyamakuru cyigenga cya buri kwezi gikorera muri Etiyopiya, yatangarije CNN kuri Skype ati: “Bidatinze Abiy yambitswe ikamba ry’icyo gihembo cy’amahoro cyitiriwe Nobel, yatakaje ubushake bwo gukurikirana ivugurura ry’imbere mu gihugu.” Nyamara. “Yabonaga ko ari inzira yo gukomeza gukora uko ashaka.”

Yavuze ko intambara yabereye muri Tigray atari ku nshuro ya mbere akoresheje iyo pasiporo, akomeza avuga ko kuva Abiy yagera ku butegetsi ku rubuga rwo guhuza abaturage ba Etiyopiya ndetse no muri leta yarwo, yashimangiye ubugome kandi atandukanya ibihugu bikomeye byo mu karere.

Lemma yavuze ku kuzamuka kwa Abiy kuri Addis Standard – yahagaritswe by’agateganyo n’umuyobozi ushinzwe itangazamakuru muri Etiyopiya muri Nyakanga – kandi yanenze guverinoma ye hakiri kare igihe bake bavugaga. Nyuma y’iminsi mike Abiy ahawe igihembo cyitiriwe Nobel, yanditse inkuru ivuga ko ibikorwa yari yaramenyekanyemo n’inzira y’amahoro hamwe na Eritereya n’ivugurura rya politiki muri Etiyopiya ndetse n’abafatanyabikorwa bakomeye byashyizwe ku ruhande mu urugamba rwo kwibohora kwa Tigray, kandi birimo. akaga gakomeye.

TPLF yari imaze imyaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo iyobora Etiyopiya ifata ibyuma, ikagenzura igihe cy’amahoro n’iterambere ry’ubukungu bitwaye uburenganzira bw’ibanze bwa politiki , na politiki. Ubutegetsi bw’igitugu bw’ishyaka byateje imyigaragambyo ya rubanda bituma amaherezo uwasimbuye Abiy, Hailemariam Desalegn yegura. Abiy yashyizweho nitsinda ryabategetse kuzana impinduka, atazamuye gahunda ya politiki ishaje. Ariko akimara kugera ku butegetsi, Abiy yatangaje ko hahinduwe ihuriro ry’ubutegetsi bwa TPLF yashinze – Umuryango w’Abanyetiyopiya w’impinduramatwara, cyangwa EPRDF, wari ugizwe n’amashyaka ane – mu ishyaka rimwe, rishya ry’iterambere, guheza TPLF mubikorwa.

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Gahunda ya Abiy yari igamije guhosha amakimbirane. Ahubwo, ishyaka rye rishya rya politiki ry’Abanyetiyopiya ryateje ubwoba mu turere tumwe na tumwe ko gahunda y’ubumwe bw’igihugu, yemeza ko ubwigenge bukomeye bw’ibihugu byasobanuwe n’amoko nka Tigray, bugeramiwe.

Tigrayans ntabwo aribo bonyine bari bafite impungenge. Mu karere ka Abiy, Oromia, n’utundi turere tw’ubuyobozi, abantu batangiye gusaba kwiyobora. Bidatinze, guverinoma yatangiye gusubira mu bikorwa by’igitugu , Abiy yari yarigeze kwanga: Ihohoterwa rikabije ry’abigaragambyaga, ifungwa ry’abanyamakuru n’abanyapolitiki batavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi, ndetse n’isubikwa ry’amatora kabiri.

Ahmed Soliman, umushakashatsi mu nzu ya Chatham akaba n’impuguke ku ihembe rya Afurika, yavuze ko gahunda yo kuvugurura Abiy yanongereye ibyifuzo mu turere dufite gahunda zivuguruzanya, bikarushaho gukaza umurego.

Yagize Ati: “Abiy na guverinoma ye bashinjwe kuba barashyize mu bikorwa ivugurura ridahwitse ndetse n’umutekano muke ukiyongera mu gihugu hose, ariko ku buryo bumwe muri bwo bwaranzwe na macakubiri ashingiye ku moko na politiki iboneka mu gihugu ifite imizi yimbitse.“

Akomeza agira Ati:Muri Nzeri ishize, impagarara zageze ahakomeye, ubwo Tigrayans yangaga Abiy itora amajwi yari yatinze kubera icyorezo, ishyiraho urutonde rw’ibyaha byo kwivuguruza rwagiye mu makimbirane afunguye mu Gushyingo 2020.

Muri uku kwezi kwa Nyakanga, hagati y’intambara Abiy n’ishyaka rye batsinze amatora mu matora rusange yamaganwe n’amashyaka atavuga rumwe n’ubutegetsi, yangijwe n’ibibazo by’ibikoresho kandi hatarimo abatora benshi, harimo n’abari muri Tigray.

Abayobozi b’amatora babara amajwi ku biro by’itora biri mu mujyi wa Bahir Dar, muri Etiyopiya, muri Kamena.

Lemma yagize ati: “Yibona nka Mesiya, watoranijwe nk’umuntu wagenewe Kugira Etiyopiya igihugu gikomeye ariko iki gihugu kiri gusenyuka akomeza avuga ko ubupfapfa bw’amahanga bwaguye ku ishusho Abiy yishushanyije

Kunanirwa kw’isesengura

Nubwo bimeze bityo, Abanyetiyopiya benshi ntibashaka gushyira amakosa ku kuba igihugu cyaragaragaye ku birenge bya Abiy. Mbere y’amatora yo muri Kamena, abaturage bo muri Addis Abeba babwiye CNN ko bumva Abiy yarazwe akajagari ku butegetsi bwabanje kandi ko buri gihe yahuye n’intambara itoroshye itera ivugurura mw’ isuzuma ryakozwe n’inzobere mu karere.

“Abantu benshi bari bizeye ko impinduka zo kwishyira ukizana, nyuma y’iyo myaka y’imyigaragambyo yo kwamagana guverinoma ndetse n’ihohoterwa rya leta yose mu rwego rwo gusubiza, […] ryaranze igihe Etiyopiya yatangira kuyobora politiki yayo mu mahoro. Ariko icyo gitekerezo yasesenguye bimwe mu bibazo bikomeye no kwivuguruza muri Etiyopiya, “ibi bikaba byavuzwe na William Davidson, umusesenguzi mukuru wa Etiyopiya mu itsinda mpuzamahanga rishinzwe ibibazo.
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“Buri gihe wasangaga ikibazo gikomeye kuri Abiy, ndetse no kuri buri wese. Gusa amasezerano yo gushyiraho politiki ishingiye ku mashyaka menshi ntacyo yakoze byanze bikunze kugira ngo akemure ubwenegihugu bushyamirana, iyerekwa rirwanya, ndetse n’amahame akomeye ya politiki.”

Mu mezi ashize, Abiy yagerageje kwamagana amahanga yiyemeza kurengera abasivili, gufungura uburyo bw’ikiremwamuntu kugira ngo inzara irangire kandi yirukane ingabo za Eritereya, zashyigikiye ingabo za Etiyopiya muri ayo makimbirane kandi zikaba zishinjwa bimwe mu biteye ubwoba by’ amarorerwa menshi yakorewe muri Tigray . Nyuma yuko Amerika imaze gutanga ibihano muri Gicurasi, minisiteri y’ububanyi n’amahanga y’ububanyi n’amahanga ya Etiyopiya yashinje kwivanga mu bibazo by’imbere mu gihugu no kutumva ibibazo bikomeye biri ku butaka.

Kubera ko ibitekerezo mpuzamahanga byahinduye Abiy, ibiro bya minisitiri w’intebe byakomeje kuvuga ko adahangayikishijwe n’izina rye rigenda ryangirika; abamushyigikiye barushijeho gushinja ibihugu byo mu burengerazuba ikibazo kibera muri iki gihugu. Muri Kamena, umuvugizi wa Abiy, Billene Seyoum yabwiye abanyamakuru ati: “Minisitiri w’intebe ntagomba kuba umukunzi w’iburengerazuba, iburasirazuba, amajyepfo cyangwa amajyaruguru Birahagije ko ahagararira abaturage ba Etiyopiya n’iterambere ry’igihugu.”

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Impuguke zivuga ko gushyira uruhande rumwe gutakaza ubuzima no kurimbuka muri Tigray, intambara yatesheje agaciro gahunda z’iterambere rya Abiy kandi byateshejwe agaciro ubukungu bw’igihugu.

Mu myaka icumi ishize Ubukungu bwa Etiyopiya bwariyongereye hafi 10% mbere yo gusubira inyuma mu 2020, bitewe n’icyorezo cya Covid-19, imyenda n’amakimbirane. Intambara yanakuye isanduku y’igihugu, yangiza igice kinini cy’inganda z’igihugu kandi itesha agaciro izina ry’abashoramari b’amahanga ndetse n’ibigo by’imari.

Inzu zangiritse mu mirwano yabereye mu mujyi wa Wukro wa Tigrayan, ubwo ingabo zahujwe na guverinoma ya Etiyopiya zinjiraga muri Werurwe.

Rashid Abdi, umusesenguzi akaba n’umushakashatsi ukomoka mu gihugu cya Kenya, akaba n’inzobere mu ihembe rya Afurika, yagize ati: “Kuva aho nicaye, ntekereza ko habaye kunanirwa gukabije mu gusesengura ku rwego mpuzamahanga Ndatekereza ko abantu bananiwe gutahura imiterere igoye y’inzibacyuho ya Etiyopiya, cyane cyane bananiwe gushima kandi uruhande rugoye rwa Abiy. “

Yongeyeho ati: “Twari dukwiye gutangira kubona amwe mu mabendera atukura vuba. Kwinezeza kwinshi nibyo byatugejeje hano”.

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Umwami wa karindwi wa Etiyopiya

Mu ijambo rye ryo gutangiza inteko ishinga amategeko mu 2018, Abiy yagize icyo ashimira nyina, umukirisitu ukomoka mu karere ka Amhara, avuga ko ubwo yarafite imyaka irindwi yamubwiye ko,afite amateka yoroheje, umunsi umwe azaba ari uwa karindwi umwami wa Etiyopiya.

Aya magambo yahuye n’ibitwenge by’abagize guverinoma ye, ariko kuba Abiy yemera ubuhanuzi bwa nyina ntabwo byari urwenya.

Abiy yagejeje ijambo ku nteko ishinga amategeko y’igihugu i Addis Abeba nyuma yo kurahira kwe muri Mata 2018.

Mu ntangiriro z’intambara, mu byukuri, yavuze yeruye ko uyu wari umugambi w’Imana, kandi ko bwari ubutumwa bw’Imana kuri we. Uyu ni umuntu wabyutse kare mu gitondo, aho guhura n’abajyanama be bakuru, akabonana na bamwe mu bajyanama be mu by’umwuka.

Ariko inkuru zagaragaye cyane mu bimenyetso byo kuburira, ku nkuru nyinshi, ni ukuba Abiy yaratunguwe no kuba perezida wa Eritereya, Isaias Afwerki, ari naho yaje gutsindira igihembo cyitiriwe Nobel.

Abanenga Abiy bavuga ko icyashimangiye umwanya we wo kuba umunyamahoro ku rwego rw’isi cyari gishingiye ku bwicanyi, kandi ko guhuza na Eritereya byari ikindi gikorwa cyo gushimangira imbaraga, bigaha inzira impande zombi kurwana n’umwanzi wabo bombi , TPLF. Nyuma gato yuko umupaka wa Eritereya na Etiyopiya wongeye gufungura muri 2018, ukongera guhuza imiryango nyuma yimyaka 20, wongeye gufunga. Imyaka itatu irashize, ingabo za Eritereya zikora muri Tigray, kandi nta kimenyetso gito cyerekana amahoro arambye.

Mu gusubiza, umuvugizi wa Abiy yanze aya magambo, avuga ko ari inkuru y’uburozi.

Mehari Taddele Maru, umwarimu w’imiyoborere n’abimukira mu kigo cya kaminuza y’i Burayi, washidikanyaga ku masezerano y’amahoro hakiri kare – igitekerezo kikaba kidakunzwe cyane muri kiriya gihe – yizera ko komite ya Nobel yemeje Abiy yagize uruhare mu makimbirane arimo.

Mehari ukomoka muri Tigray, yatangarije CNN ati: “Njyewe mbona ko komite ishinzwe igihembo cyitiriwe Nobel ari yo nyirabayazana y’ibibera muri Etiyopiya, byibuze igice. Bari bafite amakuru yizewe; impuguke nyinshi zatanze umuburo hakiri kare”.

Yakomeje agira ati “Komisiyo yashingiye icyemezo cyayo ku masezerano y’amahoro twashyizeho ikimenyetso cyo gutangira ibinyoma, amahoro atagerwaho ndetse n’amasezerano atagamije amahoro ahubwo ni intambara.

Ati:”Ibyo [Abiy] yakoranye Isaias ntabwo yari agamije kuzana amahoro. Yari azi ko, Isaias yari abizi Bakoraga, ahanini, kugira ngo barwanye intambara, muri Tigray no mu majyepfo no mu majyaruguru bitonze babanza guha akato ishyaka rimwe. “

Ingaruka zikomeye kandi zirambye z’iki gihembo, nk’uko abasesenguzi benshi n’indorerezi babitangaje, byagize ingaruka zikomeye ku kunegura Abiy.

Umuntu yahinze, ashimangira igice abikesheje gushimirwa kwe hakiri kare – kuba yarahawe igihembo cy’umunyafurika w’umwaka wa 2018, umwe mu bantu 100 bakomeye kurusha abandi, ndetse akaba n’umwe mu bantu 100 batekereza ku isi mu mwaka wa 2019 yashimishijwe n’ ibitekerezo by’Abanyetiyopiya, diaspora nini y’igihugu ndetse n’isi. Benshi ubu bumva ko bahemukiwe, kubera ko batakarijwe icyizere icyo ari cyo cyose cy’ejo hazaza h’igihugu, ariko abandi baracyafite intego yo kugumana iyo shusho irabagirana ya Abiy, badashaka kubona ibyanditswe ku rukuta.

Goitom Gebreluel, umushakashatsi mu karere k’ihembe ry ‘Afurika, yagize yati: “Igihe intambara yatangiraga mu Gushyingo, umuryango mpuzamahanga wariyemeje cyane igitekerezo cya Abiy Ahmed nk’umuntu uvugurura ibintu, kandi ntibashakaga kubireka I Tigray, nari i Addis Abeba igihe amakimbirane yatangiraga.

“Nabonanye n’abadipolomate batandukanye mbere y’intambara kandi byaragaragaye ko intambara iri hafi, kandi ibyo bavugaga ni iki urabizi, aracyafite uyu mushinga, tugomba kumureka akamenya icyerekezo cye cya politiki. Kugeza uyu munsi, ndatekereza ko abantu bose batazi neza ko uyu ari umudepite.”

Ubu, hamwe na Etiyopiya ihura n’inzara “yatewe n’abantu” n’intambara bigaragara ko itagira iherezo, Abiy yihagararaho wenyine, ahanini yitandukanije n’umuryango mpuzamahanga ndetse n’abakozi bazagabanuka.

Abiy abamwunganira n’abamushyigikiye bavuga ko atayobya isi gusa, ahubwo n’abantu be – kandi ubu barimo kwishyura ikiguzi gikomeye.

Mu ibaruwa ye ifunguye yatangaje ko avuye ku mirimo ye, Kidanemariam yanditse kuri Abiy ati: “Aho kugira ngo asohoze amasezerano ye ya mbere, yayoboye Etiyopiya mu nzira yijimye igana ku kurimbuka no gusenyuka.”

“Kimwe n’abandi benshi batekerezaga ko minisitiri w’intebe afite ubushobozi bwo kuyobora Etiyopiya ejo hazaza heza, huzuye ibyihebe n’agahinda ku cyerekezo aganisha igihugu cyacu.”

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Inkuru ya Nshimiyimana Emmanuel/MUHABURA.RW