Amategeko 10 y’Abahutu: Ikimenyetso cy’itegurwa ritaziguye rya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi
- 09/04/2019
- Hashize 6 years
Abanyarwanda baca umugani ngo ‘ibijya gucika bica amarenga’. Ibi bisa n’aho ari byo byabaye kuri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi bigaragara ko yari yateguwe kuva kera na kare, mu gihe abayihakana bavuga ko ihanurwa ry’Indege ya Habyarimana wari Perezida ari ryo ryatumye Abatutsi basaga miliyoni bicwa mu 1994.
Umushakashatsi kuri Jenoside, Gregory Stanton wo muri Kaminuza ya George Mason yo muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, yagaragaje ko kugira ngo Jenoside ihabwe iyo nyito bigira inzira umunani binyuramo, muri zo harimo kuyitegura igihe kirekire kugira ngo abazayikora bazabe bariteguye bihagije.
Agaragaza ko mbere ya byose, abategura Jenoside batandukanya abaturage, buri tsinda rigahabwa izina ryihariye, rikagenderwaho babatandukanya n’abandi badahuje itsinda, nyuma abibasiwe batangira kwamburwa ubumuntu, hakabaho kwigisha abazayikora, abatagira aho babogamiye bakibasirwa, abazicwa bagashyirwa ku ntonde, hagakurikiraho kubica, ariko nyuma abateguye umugambi bakazabihakana.
Ibi nabyo nibyo byakoreshejwe mu gutegura Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, kuko ibimenyetso byayo byari byaratangiye guca amarenga y’ayo mahano kuva mbere binyuze mu bikorwa byakorerwaga Abatutsi hirya no hino mu gihugu.
Amategeko 10 y’Abahutu yimitse urwango rwagejeje u Rwanda kuri Jenoside
Amategeko 10 y’Abahutu ni imwe mu nzira nyinshi zakoreshejwe habibwa urwango hagati y’Abahutu n’Abatutsi rwakuze rugeza u Rwanda ku kibi cyasize benshi babaye imfubyi n’abapfakazi, hirya no hino mu gihugu.
Gitera Habyarimana Joseph avugwaho kuba umwe mu babikoze abihuriza byose muri Poropaganda yo kwigisha Abahutu kwanga Abatutsi mu myaka hafi 35 mbere y’uko Jenoside iba mu 1994, abinyujije mu mategeko yise ay’Abahutu.
Gitera yadukanye igitekerezo cyo guhimba ayo mategeko y’urwango muri mitingi y’ishyaka rye rya Aprosoma, yabereye i Astrida (Huye) kuwa 27 Nzeri 1959.
Ni amategeko afite iriburiro rigaragaza ko rifite inkomoko muri Bibiliya kuko atanga amabwiriza ngo “guhera ubu…” Gitera agakomeza avuga ko “Umubano w’umututsi n’umuhutu” ari “umufunzo ku kuguru ni umusundwe mu mubiri, ni umusonga mu rubavu”.
Nyuma yo kugereranya umubano w’abantu n’abandi nk’indwara cyangwa udukoko turyana, Gitera yongeye kuvuga ngo “Ntuzongere kwemera cyangwa kwizera Umututsi.”
Ni amategeko abasesengura ibijyanye na Jenoside bagaragaza ko yari akoranye urwango rukabije ndetse abumbatiye intambwe umunani zose zikurikizwa kugira ngo Jenoside ihabwe iyo nyito.
Umushakashatsi akaba n’Umusesenguzi kuri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi,Tom Ndahiro, yigeze kuvuga ko amategeko icumi y’Abahutu yanditswe na Gitera yari yuzuye urwango rwinshi ndetse akaba yarabaye inzira itaziguye yaganishije ku itotezwa n’iyicwa ry’abatutsi.
Yagize ati “Ni amategeko yari yuzuye urwango. Umuntu wumva ko mugenzi we ari uburwayi? Ubundi uburwayi urabwikiza, waba ari umusonga ukawushakira imiti, waba ari umusundwe ukawihandura ukanawica; uko rero ni kwa gutegurwa kwa Jenoside kuko byose bigaragaramo muri ayo magambo.”
Yongeyeho ati “Icya mbere ni ukuvuga ko abantu badashobora kubana, harimo kwambura abantu ubumuntu, icyo kintu cyo kwita abantu imisundwe, kuvuga ngo abantu bice ku bandi, ni urwango rwahemberewe kera.”
Abasesenguzi kandi bavuga ko nta hantu na hamwe bigaragara ko aba bantu babibaga urwango bigeze babihanirwa, ibishobora gusobanura ko byari bishyigikiwe n’ubutegetsi bwariho icyo gihe.
Muri ayo mategeko, Gitera yasobanuraga uburyo “Abahutu” badakwiye kubana n’abo yanga akanatanga n’impamvu: “Umututsi yuje ubwangwe”; “kamere y’Umututsi ni ubushukanyi” akavuga ko “kubana n’umututsi ni ukwihambiraho urusyo”.
Guhashya cyangwa kwikiza umututsi Gitera yabyise “kwirinda umwanzi cyangwa kwirwanaho” kandi akanabihamya ko byemewe n’amategeko.
Yategekaga kandi Abahutu gutsikamira Abatutsi kugira ngo baceceke. Uko kubatsikamira byasobanuwe mu itegeko rya kane mu mategeko Kangura yise ay’abahutu, imyaka irenga 31 nyuma y’aya Gitera.
Mu mategeko ya Gitera, irya cyenda ribuza “Abahutu” kurarikira abagore b’Abatutsi cyangwa abakobwa babo ngo “ni bibi … nta kimero barusha ababo…” Ibyo ikinyamakuru Kangura nacyo cyarabyanditse kibigarura mu itegeko rya kabiri ryavugaga ko “Buri Muhutu agomba kumenya ko abakobwa bacu b’Abahutukazi ari bo kandi babereye kuba ba mutima w’urugo. Mubona se atari beza! Ntibavamo se abanyamabanga beza b’indahemuka!”
Gitera Joseph Habyarimana yari umucuruzi ndetse yari umwe mu bantu bari batunze ikamyo mu 1959, yari afite ijambo ryumvikanaga muri Politiki y’icyo gihe. Yize muri Iseminari Nkuru y’i Nyakibanda aza gushinga Ishyaka APROSOMA (Association pour la Promotion de Masse) ari naryo yifashishije abiba urwango rwe.
Abakurikiranira hafi amateka y’u Rwanda, bavuga ko ibikubiye mu mategeko icumi y’abahutu, iringaniza ryashyizwe mu mashuri no mu myanya y’akazi, gukora intonde z’ibyitso, gushyira amoko mu ndangamuntu (Ibuku), irondakarere, imbwirwaruhawe za bamwe mu bategetsi b’icyo gihe n’ibindi bigaragaza mu buryo butaziguye ko Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi yari yarateguwe kuva na kera.
Chief editor Muhabura.rw